An Archaeological Perspective is a program aimed at the grade four curriculum. The cost is $6.50 per student and the program is offered in June.
Students see a slide show on the reconstruction of a kekuli, or winter dwelling, a set of Shuswap pictograph slides, do an art project, and are introduced to basic archaeology skills. They also map and excavate a one metre square pit salted with replicas, bones, and debitage.
Digging in the dirt, sifting sand, and searching for arrow heads sounds more like summer fun than schoolwork. However, students taking part in the introduction to archaeology find out there is a lot to digging in this dirt! The program looks at how artifacts tell the story of Canada's First Peoples. Learning outcomes are to have students understand the techniques used by archaeologists to study past cultures.
The program coordinator is Deborah Chapman, curator/archivist at the Salmon Arm Museum. She has an undergraduate degree in anthropology from St. Mary's University and specializes in Archaeology of the New World.
Through the slide presentation, Chapman discusses pictographs, or paintings on rock, of the Shuswap area and the reconstruction of a kekuli, the Secwepemc, or Shuswap winter dwelling, on the Neskonlith No. 3 Band Reserve. One theory explains pictographs as creations of young adults on a vision quest. After a reading from We Are The Shuswap, Chapman has the students create a pictograph symbol and paint it. They describe the symbol and describe events leading up to its creation.
Finally, it is out of doors for the last part of the program. Students participate in a mock dig. Outside they learn about what archaeology is, what we learn from it, and what it takes to become an archaeologist.
The students learn about the layers of the earth, how they are formed and what it means when artifacts come from different layers. The experience is hands-on, as students dig for artifacts hidden in the dirt. Students are given tools to work with and are shown how to work one layer at a time, carefully scooping sand onto a dustpan, transferring it to a bucket and then putting the sand in the sifter. A variety of sized paint brushes,
ice cream pails, dustpans and trowels are used by the students to uncover and remove their finds. From there the students carefully sift out the sand and document what they find and where. The artifacts are then sorted and labeled.